RFID Arduino Tutorial | RFID with Arduino Tutorial

Hello Techie. Do you want to know how RC522 RFID Module works? Do you want to create your own DIY project using RC522 RFID with Arduino? well, you are at the right web portal. From this article, you will get all the important and detailed step-by-step guides. Here you will also get the circuit diagram and Arduino code. Hence, I hope you find this useful. We at Techatronic have already uploaded several Arduino Tutorials and detailed project guides related to electronics, embedded & Arduino which will be useful to learn the basics and programming of Arduino.

What is RFID?

RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification. Various applications such as key cards, Tags inside supermarkets, and much more use this technology on a large scale. RFID is a wireless technology that transmits information over radio waves. in the RFID with Arduino there we power the RFID with Arduino and the RFID card does not need the power to transmit the information. there is a coil inside the RFID card when it comes near to the RFID reader it gets activated through mutual induction. In this period of time, the RFID reader gets information from the card. this is how the combination of both works.

This is also getting popular as a digital replacement for the key as the tags can be easily stored in our wallets and are also available as key chains. Supermarkets use them for security purposes. This can also be used with Arduino in many DIY projects such as Door Security System, RFID based Attendance System, etc. NFC technology also works on the same principle But uses a very high frequency for the communication

How Does RFID Module Work?

Radio Frequency Identification Module as the name suggests requires a Radiofrequency of 13.56 MHz for its working. This Module uses four pins to communicate using the SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) protocol with a maximum Data rate of 10Mbps.

The module creates an Electromagnetic Field using the coil to communicate with the chip inside the card. Since the card is a passive device, it gets power through the generated Electromagnetic Field. The reader is capable of reading the tags in the vicinity close to some millimeters up to meters on certain conditions. The chip inside the card contains 1kb storage is used to store UID information related to that tag, which can also be used to store some custom data also.

Components Required

Arduino UNO
RC522 RFID Module
Jumper Wires
Breadboard
LED
220-ohm Resistor
Buzzer
USB Cable to connect Arduino UNO with Computer.

RFID Arduino Tutorial Circuit Diagram

Arduino UNO	RFID – RC522 Module
10 Pin	SDA Pin
13 Pin	SCK Pin
11 Pin	MOSI Pin
12 Pin	MISO Pin
No Pin	IRQ Pin
GND	GND
RST Pin	RST Pin
3.3 V	3.3V
Arduino UNO	Buzzer
D6 Pin	Positive Terminal
GND ( Ground )	Negative Terminal
Arduino	LED R	LED G	220 Ohm Resistor
D7 Pin	Anode Pin
D5 Pin		Anode Pin
GND			Terminal 1
	Cathode Pin	Cathode Pin	Terminal 2

RFID Arduino Code


// TECHATRONIC.COM
// SPI Library
// https://github.com/PaulStoffregen/SPI
// MFRC522 Library
// https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid

#include <SPI.h>  
 #include <MFRC522.h>  
 #define SS_PIN 10  
 #define RST_PIN 9  
 #define LED_G 5 //define green LED pin  
 #define LED_R 7 //define red LED  
 #define BUZZER 6 //buzzer pin  
 MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance.  
 void setup()   
 {  
 Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communications with the PC  
 while (!Serial); // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4)  
 SPI.begin(); // Init SPI bus  
 mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Init MFRC522  
 mfrc522.PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(); // Show details of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader details  
 Serial.println(F("Scan PICC to see UID, SAK, type, and data blocks..."));  
 pinMode(LED_G, OUTPUT);  
 pinMode(LED_R, OUTPUT);  
 pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);  
 }  
 void loop()   
 {  
 // Look for new cards  
 if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())   
 {  
 return;  
 }  
 // Select one of the cards  
 if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())   
 {  
 return;  
 }  
 //Show UID on serial monitor  
 Serial.print("UID tag :");  
 String content= "";  
 byte letter;  
 for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)   
 {  
 Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");  
 Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);  
 content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));  
 content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));  
 }  
 Serial.println();  
 Serial.print("Message : ");  
 content.toUpperCase();  
 if (content.substring(1) == "D0 10 22 25")  
 //change here the UID of the card/cards that you want to give access  
 {  
 digitalWrite(LED_G, LOW);  
 digitalWrite(LED_R, HIGH);  
 delay(500);  
 digitalWrite(LED_R, LOW);  
 }  
 else   
 {  
 digitalWrite(LED_G, HIGH);  
 digitalWrite(LED_R, LOW);  
 digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);  
 delay(500);  
 digitalWrite(LED_G, LOW);  
 digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);  
 }  
 }

After Uploading the code, take a card and keep it on the module. You need to copy all the required tag IDs and paste them into the code to grant access. I hope you found this article helpful. If you have any queries, you can post them in the comment section below.

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RFID Arduino Tutorial | Rfid RC522 Arduino interface